Stone

Stones are objects originated by the cooling of the lava. Given their properties, stones have been used since the very beginning of human kind until our modern days. They have been used to make many kind of tools as well as builings construction materials. There are volcanic stones and sedimentary stones which classify in many others. They are hard, heavy, dense, generally irregular and dark (in exeption of some stones that are translucid and because of their rareness cost very much). Stones are used as construction materials because they are very good to provide shelter and protection from natural disasters as well as isolation.

STONES

As a construction material, the advantages are: their durability, adaptability to sculptural treatment and it is used naturally. Although they are difficult to transport, quarry and cut, it has weakness in tension **that limits its use for beams, lintels and floor supports**, it’s expensive and is unstable with loads pushing at angles. There are two different kinds of stonework: rubble and ashlars masonry. The first **and cheapest one** is mortar bounded broken stones **of any shape** while the second **and strongest one** is with regular cut blocks in an entablature. With stones, bonding is barely needed. **The best bonding is placing them in a way where the vertical joints don’t coincide with the ones above the****m.The stone has been u****sed since the very beginning of human kind but nowadays it has been replaced by cheaper and more efficient manufactured products**.

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